Aortitis
Inflammation of the aorta is discovered as an incidental histologic finding in 3% to 10% of patients undergoing aortic aneurysm surgery. It is representative of a cluster of large-vessel diseases that have various or unknown etiologies.
Causes and Risk Factors
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid arthritis
The HLA-B27–associated spondyloarthropathies
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitides
Behçet's disease
Cogan syndrome
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
Syphilis
Salmonella
Other bacteria
The classification is based on location:
Isolated idiopathic thoracic aortitis
Giant cell aortits: inflammation indistinguishable from GCA
Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate: a significant percentage (75%) of these patients have IgG4-related systemic disease
Chronic periaortitis (abdomen)
Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (Ormond disease)
Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm: associated with smoking and family history of aortic aneurysm and can be associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis, some of these patients have IgG4-related systemic disease
Idiopathic isolated abdominal periaortitis: occurs without associated aneurysm or retroperitoneal fibrosis
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