Back to A-Z


Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)

JIA is an arthritis of unknown cause, beginning before age 16 years, and lasting for at least 6 weeks. It affects 1 in 1000 children. The subgroups are:

  • Systemic JIA (10% to 15% of all JIA)
  • Oligoarthritis (30% to 60%)
  • Polyarthritis, RF positive (5% to 10%)
  • Polyarthritis, RF negative (10% to 30%)
  • Psoriatic arthritis (2% to 15%)
  • Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA)/juvenile spondyloarthropathy (JAS) (20%)
  • Undifferentiated arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) consists of several subgroups with different clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, and responses to therapy.

  • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) consists of several subgroups with different clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, and responses to therapy.
  • Systemic JIA symptoms include quotidian fever, rash, and arthritis, which responds best to interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 inhibition.
  • Oligoarticular JIA is characterized by young age of onset, female predominance, positive antinuclear antibody (ANA), and chronic anterior uveitis.
  • Polyarticular JIA with a positive rheumatoid factor (RF) resembles adult seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • ANA positivity, female sex, and age less than 6 years old increase the risk of chronic uveitis regardless of the JIA subgroup.
  • Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) is characterized by lower extremity enthesitis, male sex, human leukocyte antigen-B27 (HLA-B27), acute anterior uveitis, and sometimes the later development of sacroiliitis.

Pubmed

UpToDate

Images


Video


Web:

Arthritis Foundation

Cleveland Clinic

Types of JIA - Arthritis Research UK

www.kinderrheuma.com

Kids Get Arthritis Too